如何轻松搞定英语笔译
对于学习笔译的小伙伴来说，埋头苦学只能像大海捞针，明明废了很大的功夫，却看不见成效。下面小编就和大家分享坚持这3件事，才能轻松搞定英语笔译!，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。
坚持这3件事，才能轻松搞定英语笔!
坚持有效输入
笔译的输入在于阅读。通过阅读，一能锻炼理解能力，二能锻炼表达能力。
通过大量的文本输入，能有效提升理解能力，帮助你更加快速地抓住待翻译的文章要点，理清文章逻辑关系; 此外也能有效提升表达能力，帮助你更加熟悉中英文的表达差异，在中文和英文思维中切换自如。
那么，我们该读些什么呢?
1. 外刊
外刊是英语专业学生乃至于非英语专业学生获得阅读输入的一个极其重要的来源。它不仅能让我们学习到英语最地道的表达方式，还能锻炼我们的英语思维，提升英语的阅读能力和写作能力。
比较推荐的外刊有《经济~学人》和《纽约时报》，历年CATTI考试经常从这两份外刊选材，因此大家可以直接用这两份外刊作为翻译材料。
另外，在阅读外刊的时候，要注意精读和泛读的区分。并不是每一篇文章都需要去精读。大家可以采取初期第一遍泛读，第二遍精读的模式，先去适应外刊的一个阅读节奏。然后再根据自己的进度稍作调整。
2. 理论
理论类的书籍也是笔译学习中不可缺少的一环。通过理论的学习，能够帮助我们更快地找到适合自己翻译的道路。
庄绎传《英汉翻译简明教程》、李长栓《非文学翻译理论与实践》，连淑能《英汉对比研究》这些都是CATTI必备的参考书籍。
3. 译著
学有余力的同学们还可以看一看有名的翻译著作，原文译文对比阅读，效果更佳哦!
王佐良 《论读书》
张谷若 《德伯家的苔丝》
王科一 《傲慢与偏见》
坚持有效输出
笔译的输出在于练习。只有当你经过持续不断的练习，你才能一直保持对翻译的敏感性，不至于迟钝。关于练习，要注意量和质的平衡以及时间的把控。
每天可以划出固定的时间用来做翻译练习，在翻译的时候，要训练自己有意识地使用自己阅读时学习到的翻译方法及思维，千万不要阅读完之后，没有任何方法技巧上的改变。
这样久而久之，你对翻译会越来越熟悉，越来越灵敏。
坚持有效反馈
在有了长期的阅读输入和翻译输出之后，一定不能缺少的一个环节就是反馈。这个反馈不仅仅只是简单的对译文答案，而是要对你刚刚的整个翻译过程都进行复盘。可以从流畅度、表达、翻译技巧以及时间四个维度来评判。
流畅度的关键首先就是单词以及语法，这个是相对来说最好查漏补缺的。有翻译不过去的地方，就赶紧补单词补语法，用小本本记好，尽量让自己之后不要再犯同样的错误。
在表达方面，要着重标记一些高级词汇或者地道词组，把它们尽量消化掉。
翻译技巧在翻译实践以及翻译反馈的过程中可以很明显地感受到，因此在自己翻译之后再去对照翻译技巧，能够加深自己的理解。
最后，要把控好自己翻译的时长，严格控制在考试规定时间范围之内，千万别为了翻译出完美的文章，而把时间都耗费掉了。这样可得不偿失哦!
2020年翻译资格考试笔译三级练习题
On the whole, such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the others with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.
译文：总的来说，得出这种结论是有一定程度把握的，但是必须具备两个条件：能够假定这个孩子对测试的态度和与他比较的另一些孩子的态度相同;他也没有因为缺乏别的孩子已掌握的有关知识而被扣分。
Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate response will experience greater intellectual development.
译文：行为主义者认为, 如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素, 这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展, 那么, 儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。
The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took roots in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.
译文：希腊人认为，语言结构与思维能力过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature; actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.(48 words)
译文：这种假设是依据这样的一种谬论：人的本性中存在天生的惰性。而实际上，除了特别懒惰的人以外，几乎没有人愿意挣只相当于最低生活维持费的钱，也没有人愿意饱食终日、无所事事。
1. Prior to the twentieth century, women in novels were stereotypes of lacking any features that made them unique individuals and were also subject to numerous restrictions imposed by the male-dominated culture.
在20世纪以前, 小说中的妇女像都是一个模式。她们没有任何特点, 因而无法成为具有个性的人; 他们还要屈从于由男性主宰的文化传统强加给他们的种.种束缚。
2. Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century, because nowhere in nature is it found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen, for which it has a strong affinity.
铝总是跟其他元素结合在一起, 最普遍的是跟氧结合; 因为铝跟氧有很强的亲和力, 由于这个原因, 在自然界找不到游离状态的铝。所以, 铝直到19世纪才被人发现。
3. They (the poor) are the first to experience technological progress as a curse which destroys the old muscle-power jobs that previous generations used as a means to fight their way out of poverty.
对于以往几代人来说, 旧式的体力劳动是一种用以摆脱贫困的手段, 而技术的进步则摧毁了穷人赖以为生的体力劳动, 因此首先体验到技术进步之害的是穷人。
4. The number of the young people in the United States who can’t read is incredible about one in four.
大约有1/4的美国青年人没有阅读能力, 这简直令人难以置信。
2020年翻译资格考试笔译三级练习题
First, of course, it is plain that in a few years everyone will have at his elbow several times more mechanical energy than he has today.
Second, there will be advances in biological knowledge as far-reaching as those that have been made in physics. We are only beginning to learn that we can control our biological environment as well as our physical one. Starvation has been prophesied twice to a growing world population: by Malthus about 1.8 billion and by Crookes about 1.9 billion. It was headed off the first time by taking agriculture to America and the second time by using the new fertilizers. Soon starvation will be headed off by the control of the diseases and the heredity of plants and animals — by shaping our own biological environment.
And third, I come back to the haunting theme of automation. The most common species in the factory today is the man who works or minds a simple machine — the operator. Before long he will be as extinct as the hand-loom weaver and the dodo (老古董). The repetitive tasks of industry will be taken over by the machines, as the heavy tasks were taken over long ago; and the mental tedium will go the way of physical exhaustion. Today we still distinguish, even among repetitive jobs, between the skilled and the unskilled, but in a few years to come all repetition will be unskilled. We simply waste our time if we oppose this change.
71. This article was written to ________.
A. warn us of impending starvation
B. present facts about life in the near future
C. oppose biological advances
D. warn of the danger of automation
72. In the coming years, people will ________.
A. have more machines at their disposal
B. experience starvation
C. never work
D. have fewer machines at their disposal
73. Advances in biological knowledge have ________.
A. kept pace with those in physics
B. been responsible for the invention of new machines
C. surpassed those in physics
D. lagged behind those in physics
74. We are beginning to learn that we ________.
A. can control our physical environment
B. can never control our biological environment
C. have no control over our physical environment
D. can control both our biological and physical environments
75. In the near future, starvation will be prevented by ________.
A. Chinese agriculture
B. use of new fertilizers
C. control of the diseases and the heredity of plants and animals
D. vitamin pills
76. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The mental tedium will not exist in the end.
B. Hand-loom weaver is the thing of the past.
C. Automation is an out-of-date topic today.
D. Physical burden in the factory has already been replaced.
77. The author believes before long, machines will ________.
A. actually replace unskilled workers
B. have learned to think for us
C. be shaped like robots
D. no longer be needed
78. The repetitive tasks of industry lead to ________.
A. physical exhaustion
B. mental stimulation
C. mental exhaustion
D. physical extinction
79. If the author’s predictions are realized, the demand for unskilled workers will be ________.
A. very high
B. very low
C. the same as today
D. constantly rising
80. From the passage, increased automation ________.
A. can be successfully opposed
B. cannot be avoided
C. has not yet begun
D. will put everyone out of work
参考答案：
71. B 72.A 73. D 74. D 75. C
76. C 77.A 78. C 79. B 80. B
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